• Changes in drug use in European cities during early COVID-19 lockdowns – A snapshot from wastewater analysis 

      Been, Frederic; Emke, Erik; Matias, João; Baz-Lomba, Jose Antonio; Boogaerts, Tim; Castiglioni, Sara; Campos-Mañas, Marina; Celma, Alberto; Covaci, Adrian; de Voogt, Pim; Hernández, Félix; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; ter Laak, Thomas; Reid, Malcolm James; Salgueiro-González, Noelia; Steenbeek, Ruud; van Nuijs, Alexander L.N.; Zuccato, Ettore; Bijlsma, Lubertus (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)
      The COVID-19 outbreak has forced countries to introduce severe restrictive measures to contain its spread. In particular, physical distancing and restriction of movement have had important consequences on human behaviour ...
    • Comparative measurement and quantitative risk assessment of alcohol consumption through wastewater-based epidemiology: An international study in 20 cities 

      Ryu, Yeonsuk; Barceló, Damia; Barron, Leon P.; Bijlsma, Lubertus; Castiglioni, Sara; de Voogt, Pim; Emke, Erik; Hernández, Félix; Lai, Foon Yin; Lopes, Alvaro; de Alda, Miren López; Mastroianni, Nicola; Munro, Kelly; O'Brien, Jake; Ort, Christoph; Plosz, Benedek; Reid, Malcolm J; Yargeau, Viviane; Thomas, Kevin V (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016)
      Quantitative measurement of drug consumption biomarkers in wastewater can provide objective information on community drug use patterns and trends. This study presents the measurement of alcohol consumption in 20 cities ...
    • Comparison of pharmaceutical, illicit drug, alcohol, nicotine and caffeine levels in wastewater with sale, seizure and consumption data for 8 European cities 

      Baz-Lomba, Jose Antonio; Salvatore, Stefania; Gracia-Lor, Emma; Bade, Richard; Castiglioni, Sara; Castrignanò, Erika; Causanilles, Ana; Hernandez, Félix; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Kinyua, Juliet; McCall, Ann-Kathrin; van Nuijs, Alexander; Ort, Christoph; Plosz, Benedek G.; Ramin, Pedram; Reid, Malcolm; Rousis, Nikolaos I.; Ryu, Yeonsuk; de Voogt, Pim; Bramness, Jørgen; Thomas, Kevin (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016)
      Background: Monitoring the scale of pharmaceuticals, illicit and licit drugs consumption is important to assess the needs of law enforcement and public health, and provides more information about the different trends within ...
    • Comparison of phosphodiesterase type V inhibitors use in eight European cities through analysis of urban wastewater 

      Causanilles, Ana; Rojas Cantillano, Daniela; Emke, Erik; Bade, Richard; Baz-Lomba, Jose Antonio; Castiglioni, Sara; Castrignanò, Erika; Gracia-Lor, Emma; Hernández, Félix; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Kinyua, Juliet; McCall, Ann-Kathrin; van Nuijs, Alexander L. N.; Plosz, Benedek G; Ramin, Pedram; Rousis, Nikolaos I.; Ryu, Yeonsuk; Thomas, Kevin V; de Voogt, Pim (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      In this work a step forward in investigating the use of prescription drugs, namely erectile dysfunction products, at European level was taken by applying the wastewater-based epidemiology approach. 24-h composite samples ...
    • Enantiomeric profiling of chiral illicit drugs in a pan-European study 

      Castrignanò, Erika; Yang, Zhugen; Bade, Richard; Baz-Lomba, Jose A; Castiglioni, Sara; Causanilles, Ana; Covaci, Adrian; Gracia-Lor, Emma; Hernandez, Félix; Kinyua, Juliet; McCall, Ann-Kathrin; van Nuijs, Alexander L N; Ort, Christoph; Plosz, Benedek G; Ramin, Pedram; Rousis, Nikolaos I; Ryu, Yeonsuk; Thomas, Kevin V; de Voogt, Pim; Zuccato, Ettore; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      The aim of this paper is to present the first study on spatial and temporal variation in the enantiomeric profile of chiral drugs in eight European cities. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) and enantioselective analysis ...
    • Mass spectrometric strategies for the investigation of biomarkers of illicit drug use in wastewater 

      Hernández, Félix; Castiglioni, Sara; Covaci, Adrian; de Voogt, Pim; Emke, Erik; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Ort, Christoph; Reid, Malcolm; Sancho, Juan V.; Thomas, Kevin V; van Nuijs, Alexander L.N.; Zuccato, Ettore; Bijlsma, Lubertus (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      The analysis of illicit drugs in urban wastewater is the basis of wastewater‐based epidemiology (WBE), and has received much scientific attention because the concentrations measured can be used as a new non‐intrusive tool ...
    • Multi-year inter-laboratory exercises for the analysis of illicit drugs and metabolites in wastewater: Development of a quality control system 

      van Nuijs, Alexander L.N.; Lai, Foon Yin; Been, Frederic; Andres-Costa, Maria Jesus; Barron, Leon; Baz-Lomba, Jose Antonio; Berset, Jean-Daniel; Benaglia, Lisa; Bijlsma, Lubertus; Burgard, Dan; Castiglioni, Sara; Christophoridis, Christophoros; Covaci, Adrian; de Voogt, Pim; Emke, Erik; Fatta-Kassinos, Despo; Fick, Jerker; Hernandez, Felix; Gerber, Cobus; González-Mariño, Iria; Grabic, Roman; Gunnar, Teemu; Kannan, Kurunthachalam; Karolak, Sara; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Kokot, Zenon; Krizman-Matasic, Ivona; Li, Angela; Li, Xiqing; Löve, Arndis S.C.; Lopez de Alda, Miren; McCall, Ann-Kathrin; Meyer, Markus R.; Oberacher, Herbert; O'Brien, Jake; Quintana, Jose Benito; Reid, Malcolm James; Schneider, Serge; Simoes, Susana Sadler; Thomaidis, Nikolaos S.; Thomas, Kevin V; Yargeau, Viviane; Ort, Christoph (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      Thirty-seven laboratories from 25 countries present the development of an inter-laboratory testing scheme for the analysis of seven illicit drug residues in standard solutions, tap- and wastewater. Almost 10 000 concentration ...
    • Spatial differences and temporal changes in illicit drug use in Europe quantified by wastewater analysis 

      Ort, Christoph; van Nuijs, Alexander L. N.; Berset, Jean-Daniel; Bijlsma, Lubertus; Castiglioni, Sara; Covaci, Adrian; de Voogt, Pim; Emke, Erik; Fatta-Kassinos, Despo; Griffiths, Paul; Hernández, Félix; González-Mariño, Iria; Grabic, Roman; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Mastroianni, Nicola; Meierjohann, Axel; Nefau, Thomas; Östman, Marcus; Pico, Yolanda; Racamonde, Ines; Reid, Malcolm James; Slobodnik, Jaroslav; Terzic, Senka; Thomaidis, Nikolaos; Thomas, Kevin V (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014)