Show simple item record

dc.contributor.authorCastrignanò, Erika
dc.contributor.authorYang, Zhugen
dc.contributor.authorBade, Richard
dc.contributor.authorBaz-Lomba, Jose A
dc.contributor.authorCastiglioni, Sara
dc.contributor.authorCausanilles, Ana
dc.contributor.authorCovaci, Adrian
dc.contributor.authorGracia-Lor, Emma
dc.contributor.authorHernandez, Félix
dc.contributor.authorKinyua, Juliet
dc.contributor.authorMcCall, Ann-Kathrin
dc.contributor.authorvan Nuijs, Alexander L N
dc.contributor.authorOrt, Christoph
dc.contributor.authorPlosz, Benedek G
dc.contributor.authorRamin, Pedram
dc.contributor.authorRousis, Nikolaos I
dc.contributor.authorRyu, Yeonsuk
dc.contributor.authorThomas, Kevin V
dc.contributor.authorde Voogt, Pim
dc.contributor.authorZuccato, Ettore
dc.contributor.authorKasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara
dc.date.accessioned2019-06-03T08:34:38Z
dc.date.available2019-06-03T08:34:38Z
dc.date.created2019-03-19T13:58:16Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.identifier.citationWater Research. 2018, 130, 151-160.nb_NO
dc.identifier.issn0043-1354
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/2599639
dc.descriptionEmbargo until 01 December 2019nb_NO
dc.description.abstractThe aim of this paper is to present the first study on spatial and temporal variation in the enantiomeric profile of chiral drugs in eight European cities. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) and enantioselective analysis were combined to evaluate trends in illicit drug use in the context of their consumption vs direct disposal as well as their synthetic production routes. Spatial variations in amphetamine loads were observed with higher use in Northern European cities. Enantioselective analysis showed a general enrichment of amphetamine with the R-(−)-enantiomer in wastewater indicating its abuse. High loads of racemic methamphetamine were detected in Oslo (EF = 0.49 ± 0.02). This is in contrast to other European cities where S-(+)-methamphetamine was the predominant enantiomer. This indicates different methods of methamphetamine synthesis and/or trafficking routes in Oslo, compared with the other cities tested. An enrichment of MDMA with the R-(−)-enantiomer was observed in European wastewaters indicating MDMA consumption rather than disposal of unused drug. MDA's chiral signature indicated its enrichment with the S-(+)-enantiomer, which confirms its origin from MDMA metabolism in humans. HMMA was also detected at quantifiable concentrations in wastewater and was found to be a suitable biomarker for MDMA consumption. Mephedrone was only detected in wastewater from the United Kingdom with population-normalised loads up to 47.7 mg 1000 people−1 day−1. The enrichment of mephedrone in the R-(+)-enantiomer in wastewater suggests stereoselective metabolism in humans, hence consumption, rather than direct disposal of the drug. The investigation of drug precursors, such as ephedrine, showed that their presence was reasonably ascribed to their medical use.nb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.publisherElseviernb_NO
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titleEnantiomeric profiling of chiral illicit drugs in a pan-European studynb_NO
dc.typeJournal articlenb_NO
dc.typePeer reviewednb_NO
dc.description.versionacceptedVersionnb_NO
dc.rights.holder© 2018 Elseviernb_NO
dc.source.pagenumber151-160nb_NO
dc.source.volume130nb_NO
dc.source.journalWater Researchnb_NO
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.watres.2017.11.051
dc.identifier.cristin1685946
dc.relation.projectEC/FP7/317205nb_NO
cristin.unitcode7464,30,21,0
cristin.unitcode7464,20,13,0
cristin.unitnameMiljøkjemi
cristin.unitnameØkotoksikologi
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextpostprint
cristin.qualitycode2


Files in this item

Thumbnail

This item appears in the following Collection(s)

Show simple item record

Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internasjonal
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internasjonal